This study assesses the effectiveness of contract farming in improving smallholder maize seed to have multipliers income so that the improvement strategies can be established.Contract farming is seen as linking and maintaining smallholder maize seed multipliers on the seed market and ensures sustainable maize seed supply to the Rwandan farmers afte
In three-dimensional (3D) digital Earth environment, there are many problems when using the existing methods to express the ocean current, such as uneven distribution of seed points, density leap in scale change and messy visualization.In this paper, a new dynamic visualization method of multi-hierarchy flow field based on particle system is propos
Airborne microplastic (NP) and nanoplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a pressing environmental concern with significant implications for human health.While MPs are present both indoors and outdoors, indoor concentrations are generally higher due to the abrasion of household materials, furniture, and other domestic sources.MPs and NPs, when inhal
In arid and semiarid regions, the water quality of some rivers decreases by salinization while passing through some geological formations.This study aims to find the source of the hydrochemical salinity of Namaklan River.Sampling was performed at 6 points along the Namaklan River for 4 seasons and also from before and after the confluence of Godark
Introduction: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) develops after experiencing events that evoke fear, helplessness, or horror.The Wheelchair Hyperarousablity Hypothesis suggests that those with PTSD may drink more to dampen physiological reactivity.We examined the direct and indirect relationships between childhood trauma (e.g., physical-neglect,